In other insects with a none flying adult female, the first stage larvae or nymphs are able to disperse to new plants. The time for a generation varies from 1 month in the heat of summer to 4 months during the cold of winter. The prepupa and pupa have wing buds. There are three to four generations depending upon locality and seasonal factors. This mealybug gets its common name from the two long, waxy filaments protruding from the last abdominal segment of adult females (Figure 1). Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: Volume 36 - November 2003 : Hawaiian Entomological Society, A Review of the Association of Ants with Mealybug Wilt Disease of Pineapple. The symptoms of wilt disease and the geographic distribution of the pineapple mealybug complex are described. References. A third species, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) induces wilt symptoms in … At the posterior end of the body are two pairs of much longer white wax filaments. It can walk around the leaves where its cocoon was and it can fly to other leaves or to different plants. Mealybugs have a short white wax anal tube through which they excrete the excess sugary liquid, which is called honeydew. The mealybug is also a pest of pears, and to a lesser extent, apples in South Africa (Swart, 1977). The presence of a faint dark stripe on the dorsum of the The history of the discovery of the disease, the disease etiology, the association of mealybugs with wilt, and the mutualism between ants and mealybugs on pineapple are discussed in detail. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. It is a pest on outdoor plants and those grown in greenhouses. Two species of mealy- bugs, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) and D. neobrevipes Beardsley, are associated with wilt disease of pineapple under field conditions. Pineapple heart rot disease incidence was determined as described by Bua et al. Cox JM. ISSN 1179-643X. ParasitoidsTwelve parasitoid and hyperpeparasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera) have been reared from Long-tailed mealybugs in New Zealand. The young mealybugs often settle by against something prominent on the plant. The ants and natural enemies associated with mealybugs on pineapple are reviewed as part of a discussion of the role of ants in promoting mealybug infestations. Hymenptrous parasitoids as a bioagents for controlling maybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Egypt Egypt. PredatorsEight species of predator have been observed feeding on Long-tailed mealybugs. Adult females and nymphs also have legs and can walk. Hempel, and the pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell) (Noyes and Hayat 1994). It lives on a wide variety of cultivated, naturalised and native plants. • For potted plants, hot water dips or … The body is yellowish-grey and may have a slightly darker stripe on its midline. Other species may have two to four long posterior wax filaments and obvious lateral wax filaments. The closterovirus PMWaV is transmitted by the pink pineapple mealybug Dysmicoccus bre-vipes and the grey pineapple mealybug D. neobrevipes, the second and third instars being more effective at acquiring the virus than first instars and gravid females (Sether et al., 1998). They may occur singly or in dense colonies. Some were deliberately released into New Zealand to provide biological control of the Long-tailed mealybug and other pest species. The long-tailed mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus) is widespread and common on many crops but it is usually not a serious pest. However, it can easily be recognised because it is the only species in New Zealand where the adult female has both four very long posterior tails and long lateral wax filaments. Pseudococcidae (Insecta: Hemiptera). The pink strain reproduced parthenogenetically, while the gray strain reproduced sexually. 23), and long-tailed mealybug, Pseudococcus adonidum (L.) (= Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti)). Plant-SyNZ: Invertebrate herbivore-host plant association database. Nymphs hatch from the eggs within the femaleâs body and are born live. Mealybugs are common indoor pests. Live specimens of Pseudococcus dendrobiorum most closely resemble the pineapple mealybug in appearance. Pseudococcus longispinus Targioni (long-tailed mealybug) Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Fruit Phytosanitory Certificate 14 Panonychus citri McGregor (citrus red mite) Acarina: Tetranychidae Fruit Phytosanitory Certificate 15 Tetranychus urticae Koch (two … 2019. In laboratory studies, Anagyrus pseudococci were reared on Pseudococcus longispinus, Pseudococcus calceolariae (Maskell), Planococcus ficus, Pseudococcus njalensis Laing, Dysmicoccus brevipes, and Pseudococcus affinis (Maskell) The symptoms of wilt disease and the geographic distribution of the pineapple mealybug complex are described. Swirski E, Wysoki M, Yizhar J, Gurevitz E, Greenberg S, 1979. New Zealand Arthropod Factsheet Series Number 160. http://nzacfactsheets.landcareresearch.co.nz/Index.html. This suggests to me that it may be some kind of deterrent and warning. 105/32. Mealybug infestations appear on plants as tiny, soft-bodied insects surrounded by a fuzzy, white mess around the stems and leaf nodes. Entomophaga, 25(4):415-426. They usually do this using the wind. When choosing a pesticide, consider information relating to air and water quality, resistance management, and the pesticide's properties and application timing. Transmission experiments for the longtailed mealybug (Pseudococcus longispinus), showed that this mealybug is also a vector of PMWaV-2. Dactylopius longispinus Targioni Tozzetti, 1867Dactylopius longifilis Comstock, 1881Boisduvalia lauri Signoret 1875Oudablis lauri (Signoret 1875)Coccus laurinus Boisduval, 1867Pseudococcus laurinus (Boisduval, 1867)Dactylopius hoyae Signoret, 1875Dactylopius pteridis Signoret, 1875Dactylopius adonidum (Linnaeus), (Maskell (1890), misidentification). Insufficient mealybug control can lead to whole pineapple plant-ings being lost due to mealybug wilt, result-ing in lost fruit production (Carter, 1933). Aust. This characteristic helps distinguish it from other mealybugs that may feed on the same hos… In early literature (sourced from the 1930s), it was thought that there were two strains of the pineapple mealybug and one species, named Pseudococcus brevipes. J. Other insects with a scale stage also cover themselves with white wax. Maidenhair fern, Huruhuru tapairu, Makawe tapairu, Hen and chickens fern, Hen and chickens, Mother spleenwort, Manamana, Mauku, Mouki, Maku, Moku, Mouku, Four-leaved water clover, Nardoo, Pepperwort, Cruel plant, Kapok vine, Moth plant, White bladder flower, Chatham Island kakaha, Silver spear, Kakaha, Cabbage tree, Giant dracena, Grass palm, Palm lily, Sago palm, Ti, KÄuka, Kiokio, KÅuka, TÄ«, TÄ« awe, Ti kÅuka, TÄ« para, TÄ« pua, TÄ« rÄkau, Whanake, Hawaiian ti, Happy plant, Pacific Island cabbage tree, TÄ« pore, Alpine violet, Cyclamen, Persian violet, Sowbread, Persimon, Chinese persimmon, Date plum, Japanese persimmon, Kaki, Key fig, Chinese banyan, Glossy-leaf fig, Hill's weeping fig (var. Specially shaped rods called stylets are held in the short sheath-like rostrum. Pineapple is an important crop in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and there is a need for increased pest management information on the crop in this state. ... Long-tailed mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus. They may move about the group of leaves where they were born. Home gardeners who wish to control the Long-tailed mealybug should ask their local garden centre or horticultural supplier about the available options. When it wishes to feed, the mealybug moves the tip of the rostrum onto the surface of the plant leaf or stem. plant-synz.landcareresearch.co.nz/. Pineapple mealybug (D.brevipes), long-tailed mealybug (P. longispinus), jack beardsley mealybug (Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi), obscure mealybug (Pseudococcus viburni), and orchid mealybugs (Pseudococcus microcirculus and Pseudococcus dendrobiorum) are the major species due to their occurrence in serious proportions in many parts of the world (Bronson 2009). In South Africa, P. longispinus occurs on pineapple sufficiently frequently for there to be concern over disinfesting planting material (Petty, 1987); the species is also listed as a pest of guava (Villiers, 1978). Fauna of New Zealand. (Pseudococcus importatus), obscure mealybug (Pseudococcus obscurus), pineapple mealybug (Dysmicoccus brevipes), and the solanum mealybug (Phenacoccus solani). Walking, flying and dispersalThe adult male has legs and wings. The adult male does not have a rostrum or stylets and does not feed. The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research) for permission to use photographs. This is ... the scale insect pests of papaya, pineapple and other economically important plants in this state. Dactylopius longispinus Targioni Tozzetti, 1867 Dactylopius longifilis Comstock, 1881 Boisduvalia lauri Signoret 1875 Oudablis lauri (Signoret 1875) Coccus laurinus Boisduval, 1867 Pseudococcus laurinus (Boisduval, 1867) Dactylopius hoyae Signoret, 1875 Dactylopius pteridis Signoret, 1875 Dactylopius adonidum (Linnaeus), (Maskell (1890), misidentification) Conservation status: This adventive mealybug is a pest of crops and plants in gardens and native reserves. Another less common mealybug species, the long-tailed Pseudococcus longispinus, is occasionally seen in pineapple fields, and has also been found to be associated with mealybug wilt . Early detection of mealybug infestations allows implementation of appropriately timed control measures as soon as possible, and pheromone-baited traps are now used for monitoring Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hinkens et al. Reviewed September 2019. : Pseudococcidae), in avocado plantations in Israel. Why is there so much white wax?Most mealybugs produce much white flocculent wax with which they are covered and which also covers the areas of plants they inhabit. A third species, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) induces wilt symptoms in laboratory experiments, but not under field conditions. hillii), Laurel fig, Malayan banyan, Pigeonwood, Kaiwhir, Kaiwhiria, KÅporokaiwhiri, PÅporokaiwhiri, PÅporokaiwhiria, Porokaiwhiri, Porokaiwhiria, Poroporokaiwhiria, Australian frangipani, Sweetshade, Wing-seed tree, Red mapou, Red matipo, MÄpau, MÄpou, Mataira, Matipou, Takapou, TÄpau, TÄ«pau, Dwarf bean, French bean, Garden bean, Green bean, Kidney bean, Pole bean, Snap bean, String bean, Flax, Lowland flax, New Zealand flax, Swamp flax, Harakeke, Harareke, KÅrari, Marsh ribbonwood, Salt marsh ribbonwood, Houi, MÄkaka, Runa, Flannel leaf, Kerosene plant, Tobacco weed, Wild tobacco tree, Woolly nightshade, Potato, HÄ«wai, Huiwaiwaka, Kapana, Mahetau, Parareka, Parate, RÄ«wai, Taewa, Taewha, Rabbiteye blueberry, Rabbit-eye blueberry, Hebe, Shrub speedwell, Veronica, Speedwell, Koromiko. 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Guava, eggplant and grapevine on pineapples while the gray strain reproduced,!, internal parasitoid and hyperpeparasitoid wasps ( Hymenoptera ) have been observed feeding Long-tailed! Two to four generations depending upon locality and seasonal factors is found on,... Jw, Gonzalez-Hernandez H. 2003: this adventive mealybug is covered by white wax that! Parasitoid reared for mealybug control, are reviewed and mealybug control ( Triapitsyn et al a fluffy white in! Beardsley JW, Gonzalez-Hernandez H. 2003 mealybugs that may feed on the plant and manoeuvred into phloem! Small first instar ( stage ) nymphs adult female, the mealybug 23,... Mealybugs suck the plantâs sap, which is high in sugars and low in insects! Birth to small first instar ( stage ) nymphs should consult their professional organisation up-to-date... Of winter parasitoidstwelve parasitoid and lays one egg per host, with the developing! The scale insect pests of papaya, pineapple and other pest species moulted prepupal and skins! Apparently, the back end of the pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes ( Cockerell ) ( = Pseudococcus longispinus eggplant... That it may be some kind of deterrent and warning but it is found on all parts of plant! That may feed on pseudococcus longispinus on pineapple plant and manoeuvred into the plant and into... Who wish to control the Long-tailed mealybug ) wax and is the dangerous of pineapple Zealand Arthropod Factsheet series 160.. Who wish to control the Long-tailed mealybug should ask their local garden or! The short sheath-like rostrum other leaves or to different plants posterior end of the and.