medical laboratory tests normal values pdf

ABO Grouping (Blood Typing): This is the type of classification used to find out blood types. Lab Tests Online (LTO) is an award-winning health information web resource designed to help patients & caregivers understand the many lab tests that are a vital part of medical care. Notes: The normal ranges in each laboratory depend on the local population, test methodology and conditions of assay, units, and a variety of additional circumstances. LABORATORY VALUES U.S. traditional units are followed in parentheses by equivalent values expressed in S.I. * Languages Português, English Did you saw a laboratory test results and did not know what to think? In 1972 they coined the term "critical (panic) value", which they defined as "one that represents a pathophysiological state at such variance with normal as to be life-threatening unless something is done promptly, and for which some corrective action could be taken" [1,2]. When your body is in homeostasis, the values for fluids, chemicals and secretions ( hormones ) are within an acceptable or “normal” range. PDF download: ... 443 Blood Serum Chemistry – Normal Values – FDA. 2 ��1睽�:��=�h��Zs��~(�8 �b�1��"g��8��O�W� 82�4{�Gd��Gy��;�ògˣ�8�{la�\(�طK�S 鱵!B�F�(I�X�5�Q�� 8��L�B�'�TX��!H��!�c!��Q� ��v\��t^ @�n�#-J��F0�"l��:�M�+�*8b�aСTF?&��1U##�R��np\X��|�5D��Qc�C��V �� c\|�PNnr`�#YE��~��;�OV��ad�L-7��"d�Emu @O��pP�Ms�VXc�` ]�� Complete blood count is one of the most basic laboratory examinations to assess the overall health status of a patient. These include. 64 0 obj <>stream This table lists reference values for the interpretation of laboratory results provided in the Medical Council of Canada exams. Interpretation. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), normal lab test values are a set of upper and lower limits generally given as a range since normal values vary from person to person. P�wGCGX ��Ң@, c�g�#6EO!�`��Ȧ��J\��\�� OK��7iF �b.�L>�@� y'� - Normal ration is 10:1 - > 20:1 pre-renal causes of dysfunction - 10:1-20:1 intrinsic renal damage - 20:1 ration may be “normal” if both BUN and SCr are wnl. The tests use a range because what is normal differs from person to person. %�� ȋ�"��.Ф��=��C[t�c+�o9�K��H�I�CS)�*�9�yf��x��;��yw+n�\^\�&��̈/��Rd��(RiD^�_�./2��zy�-�0�_�ˉMv�浘��qr��z:��V|~��z;��ˋ_a��h�V��["Q��[!c��Xi��*-s0l�e7�'�LZO�dA��wz�O�L"�'2K�+|~�� 2. 3. The lab-defined range is calculated from QC data collected from testing of normal and abnormal controls. H��W�n7}�W�,�ԒKr�Gv�.��J�"�lolZɑ�$�I��gxYIk ��pf�̙��+���V㟫e�n�lk� �f7�d��W�|=�s�j6��f�)6�4Q��u��V�{�~R�;��П��_�n��ntW�!��\+�g�դ�U��kG�㗍�/�^�}w6{��o��;��ҭt�j�lI�(�I��^^I��o�ɖ�D��j�d��b�e�M�>��f�×R+��hh8{H�\TNZ��De�.^m�z�W�e�Ê��4'��g� Normal Laboratory Values. endobj Initially, you may use the manufacturer’s suggested reference range. www.fda.gov. 2 0 obj endstream endobj startxref Laboratory tests check a sample of your blood, urine, or body tissues. In general, the use of laboratory tests is increasing, although some tests were used less. scientist examines . The course lists common diagnostic and lab tests and values in … Normal Laboratory Values: Blood, Plasma, and Serum Reference values vary based on several factors, including the specific laboratory that supplies them. Plasma or whole blood. Relaxe RELAB is an application that comes with the normal values for more than 200 laboratory tests and also comes with a commentary on all exams which indicates the main situations, pathological or physiological, in that they can be increased or decreased . Hematology Absolute neutrophil count Male — 1780-5380/µL (1.78-5.38 x 109/L) Female — 1560-6130/µL (1.56-6.13 x 109/L) Activated partial thromboplastin time — 25-35 s Bleeding time — less than 10 min 18 0 obj <> endobj It can help diagnose infections, autoimmune disorders, anemia, and other blood diseases. The top number is systolic pressure, when the heart is pumping. Your Lab Tests - English PDF Your Lab Tests - 繁體中文 (Chinese, Traditional (Cantonese dialect)) PDF 0 The medical interpretation of a test result is based on comparison to a reference interval that typically reflects the range of values expected for healthy people or a medical decision level (MDL) for the diagnosis Patients taking medication chronically had smaller intervals between laboratory tests V alues are reference values from Texas Children ’ s Hospital Clinical Laboratory, current as of August 2011. %PDF-1.5 A patient's blood test values should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done; the laboratory typically provides these values with the test result. Please examine the contents of Table 1 before proceeding to the next section. endstream endobj 22 0 obj <>stream Each lab contains important clinical information, critical lab values, differential diagnoses and etc. REFERENCE VALUES FOR COMMON LABORATORY TESTS 1 Serum Chemistries Reference Range Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 10–40 U/L Albumin 3.5–5 g/dL (adults) 3.4–4.2 g/dL (young children) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) Varies with age: 30–120 IU/L (adults) 150–420 IU/L (children) Ammonia 15–45 mcg/dL Amylase 27–131 U/L %PDF-1.5 %�� Total Protein and Albumin: - Total protein: normal = 5.5-9.0 g/dl - Albumin: normal = 3.-5 g/dl o Responsible … Having established a list of critical (panic) values that accorded, to their satisfaction, with the definition, the system placed responsibility on medical technol… 3 0 obj Lab and medical professionals develop and review all content, including articles on lab tests, conditions/diseases, screenings & more. so�z8w��˓E�r�\�f��tZ��aX�X��J:خ��Wk��t�Z��0i��!k4d�A�R��y��'WU6��26� 2�\�߇��ZS�ֆ��j +�`wL7P�9�LҞZFKV!��6-7הci4w��U�b��d}��zR�Fװ�}�L��1J��Ǻ,)��v�U�V��cLv6�-Ȫ��3DzJ�q�D[��)��;B�"2�� 6\��38��t)��]��{��\Y�˼�7r �,Ov��+G�ܨxӎ. h��X�o�H�W�c��z��&E״Q��J�.l��F�U��fv��IH��kvvv�?GrB��sA�$\2"��t�h{�8��1A�b�qXS�0Ea�(�8q=��V��%cD�-zK��$�!��fDhsN$УP0y�.��ҩ��Z�Д|��C�axr��.�UZ!��0yk�/0f��͘�#6c��1G��P��q$�C�B�K��b:��8�>�HF��J�t��L��(�` ��x��d��t�gD�� 3�NDN��k�3]�=�K��з�'��*#)Vq��Ξ��>��T%�t��g�0�ɹ�{=N]r�H�kp��v�S`��0 JdT�IؽH��W_��>�K�lV�°*}5�I>�2]��o�n W�t�MO��+��J��!H��٪*��{K��"��4׽ϧ�,��ɷ,?��Y3��uտI��][��hя�b��G��_>H҈�g��z,��j5K��s�p�蟍�5- k��0�b��e�(��e+UGɗi�.�|�|�-<8F��F탏g��I{g�b�� ̃6� �1�QkHe��xP��:r9�%X��`jɪ��?��Uy��tV��/Qk`n�0*.�W�*�%�ߢ��f��H��mS�%sc��dr��*�Y�e� ��B�>l��dT��g@�A�1y�"��C|�ؗ��3��'�QѬX7�1Ğg�A�'��a�1�2I{�BB�N��Ojm� We will then review the important diagnostic performance characteristics of laboratory tests, how they are calculated, and a principal tool (ie, receiver-operator characteristic [ROC] curves) used to assess the diagnostic ac… Bottom number is … A technician or your doctor analyzes the test samples to see if your results fall within the normal range. This discussion will begin with some general comments about approaches to ordering clinical laboratory tests, followed by real-world examples to illustrate these approaches. Fasting Blood Glucose Outside the United States, SI units are the predominant nomenclature for laboratory test results. Further parameters of clinical relevance may be found in other articles and are listed in the section “Overview of important laboratory values”. %%EOF endobj A reference range is usually defined as the set of values 95 percent of the normal population falls within (that is, 95% prediction interval). Included in this section are the lab values and nursing considerations for glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, glucose tolerance test, and diabetes mellitus antibody panel. All values apply to adults. 41 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<87991D02BBB7E5438AA9E8E3F1852A1D>]/Index[18 47]/Info 17 0 R/Length 112/Prev 115199/Root 19 0 R/Size 65/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream ... For this, we use the predictive values. (N ote: The reference values provided in these tables should be used as guidelines only. The base units in the SI system related to laboratory testing that are found in this table include the mole (amount of substance), meter (length), kilogram (mass), second (time), and Celsius (temperature). The largest increase was noted for coagulation tests, which rose from 1.500.000 tests per year in 1995 to over 3.500.000 tests per year in 2005. 1 0 obj endobj Your sex, age and race; What you eat and drink Dean B. Andropoulos �6&4ch�S�@��Z�4R@l;�&��8�`�Yx!��û��5�6S�i��9��{��g�ǲ,��E(��J7J��~��c~��:�6u��ԹS��ān'�� \wb`�-��|�ɗb��P��7��W��bCA?��=.şM�J�H��`��f�m�ͨnFu�.�]�:��N�� S_��s6+ Some types of lab tests show whether or not your results fall within normal ranges. These tests may use different kinds of body fluids such as whole blood, plasma, serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. <> The medical lab. LABORATORY VALUES (see inside back cover for continuation) * Included in the Biochemical Profile (SMA-12) REFERENCE RANGE SI REFERENCE INTERVALS It is determined by collecting data from vast numbers of laboratory tests. TESTS NORMAL VALUES; Total cholesterol: Less than 200 mg/dL: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL - C) cholesterol: Less than 100 mg/dL: High-density lipoprotein (HDL - C) cholesterol: In Males: More than 40 mg/dL In Females: More than 50 mg/dl: Triglycerides: Less than 150 mg/dL: Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) 2 to 30 mg/dL ... sensitivity and specificity of a lab test . • And increase in Hgb concentration means the patient is polycythemic. Many factors affect test results. When your body is healthy it functions normally in a state of homeostasis or equilibrium. The client's current laboratory values are compared to the normal laboratory values, as above, in order to determine the physiological status of the client and to compare the current values during treatment to the laboratory values taken prior to a treatment. stream Normal Laboratory Values: Blood, Plasma, and Serum Reference values vary based on several factors, including the specific laboratory that supplies them. Validation occurs by comparing daily QC results to a laboratory-defined range of QC values. Educating the Client About the Purpose and Procedure of Prescribed Laboratory Tests All practi-tioners are urged to consult the normal laboratory values for their local laboratory, as these may differ from those listed below. • Polycythemia can result from a large number of causes, including Normal Lab Values gives both non-medical readers and health professionals a fast-navigable and clearly structured overview of the main routine laboratory parameters and possible causes of their increase and decrease. <>>> h�b```e`` �6� ��ea�h`�7��a Normal: 120/70 to 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 7 0 R 8 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> �X�wR.S��y��'�9g��2�3>��k|��2;��?��+\Ȧ_=��Xn�a�i%(DҴ��_0��k�gXo�ע��ۯ̤��{��V��|�%N0��8%?k#'�2�җ�m�p�2-|��Gz�pn3��IlfӢ�eiw��9*�Y��SN�J��ˋ��QUY�:z�ߒ��X��c�x In addition to the basics of laboratory medicine, this article covers important laboratory parameters such as liver function tests and iron metabolism. Reference range: the span of values for a particular test that represents the results you would expect to see in a healthy (normal) patient population. Understanding the normal laboratory values of blood glucose is an essential key in managing diabetes mellitus. <> units. Glucose Studies Normal Lab Values. tests and laboratory (lab) values, one source of client assessment data. endstream endobj 19 0 obj <> endobj 20 0 obj <> endobj 21 0 obj <>stream Lab tests, along with a health history and physical exam, are used to diagnose and manage health conditions. The purpose of this CE Update is to discuss the laboratory testing cycle and its importance in diagnostic decision making. Reference values (intervals) for blood, urine, CSF, stool, and other fluids (eg, gastric acid) and commonly used panels are included. Reference ranges establish the normal values for the test and should reflect the medical decision limits for clinicians. An LPN should understand the rationale for conducting specific diagnostic and laboratory tests when delivering care, as well as the implications of the results of those tests. • Anemia can be due to iron/B12/folate deficiency, blood disorders or other underlying pathology. COMMON LABORATORY TESTS • A decrease in Hgb concentration means the patient is anemic. x��[mo�8� ��_ They are also advised to continually check for updated normal ranges. A patient's blood test values should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done; the laboratory typically provides these values with the test result. h�bbd```b``�"@$��LJ�ɳ`�2��"Y'��`r/X�Dr��ȼ@�1�8��h��a R$̖�� l;��ڈ� 螅`700��k� XQc Medical Laboratory Tests Abbreviations. 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